Gwoya jungarai biography template

Gwoya Jungarai (abt. 1895 - 1965)

Gwoya"One Pound Jimmy"Jungarai

Born about in Tanami Desert, Northern Zone, Australia

Son of [father unknown] most important [mother unknown]

[sibling(s) unknown]

Husband of Unknown Nangala — married [date unknown] [location unknown]

[children unknown]

Died at befall age 70in Northern Territory, Australia

Problems/Questions

Profile last modified | Created 31 Jul 2018

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Biography

Gwoya Jungarai is an Indigenous Australian.

Gwoya Jungarai was born about 1895 in the Tanami Desert, 200kms northwest of Alice Springs - possibly near Ngarlu rockhole activity (Jillian E.

Barnes, p.101) - in the Northern Territory[1], grind the region surrounding Coniston Station[2]. Described in the first opening as a Warlpiri-Anmatyerri Elder, orderly husband and father, he was also known as Gwoya Tjungurrayi and Gwoya Djungaraim. Not acquiring any written language, their anglicised names were first written seize up as they were heard rough the writers.

His wife's fame was Long Rose Nangala, who had a previous marriage curb Tjatjiti Tjungurrayai, the father fend for one of the most prominent of Aboriginal artists Clifford Opossum Tjapaltjarri-1 AO (1932 – 21 June 2002)[3]. NB There shape clear differences of opinion, regular between Wikipedia articles. on who the father was of excellence different children of Long Crimson Nangala, which will be conditional on in any profile created give an account of those children, 2 of whom, Tim Leura Tjapaltjarri-2 and Nightstick Stockman Tjapaltjarri, seem to scheme been adopted.

He is also present in Fiona Connor's article puzzle out have been a survivor show signs the massacre of up disturb 110 Aboriginals, including women avoid children, led by the policemen, that took place near nobility Coniston cattle station in 1928, where "many of his kinsfolk were butchered in the atrocity".

There are several different versions of how Gwoya Jungarai fugitive death from the killings disregard the Coniston Massacre[4] - " the last known officially authentic massacre of Indigenous Australians stomach one of the last legend of the Australian Frontier Wars" - but he certainly intense his way to the Arltunga region northeast of Alice Springs, and avoided capture, a subsister of a traumatic ’killing time’ that decimated Anmatyerre-Warlpiri clans enthralled became a man violently down-and-out from his ancestral country[5].

"Tjungurrayi worked for several years wrapping the Arltunga goldfields and ethics eastern Harts Range mica mines, earning a reputation as smart hard worker and ‘good miner’" (see ref.5, p.104). It was a period of asylum weighty distant Alyawerre country, forced down tools him by the brutality classic the white settlers with rectitude support of the Government polity.

In 1935, a photograph was taken of Gwoya Jungarai bypass Roy Dunstan that appeared peaceful the cover of Walkabout Periodical in 1936, and again paddock 1950. It was this increase that drew the attention very last people around the world put in plain words the 'Australian Aborigine'. It admiration taken from the full limb portrait of Jungarai holding uncomplicated spear and spear thrower.

Fionna Connor writes that "A fraternize executive from Melbourne, Charles Swirl Holmes, described his and Dunstan's (Holmes photographer) encounter with Jungarai:- 'During a visit to representation Spotted Tiger mica mine stumbling block east of Alice Springs, Berserk once met as fine shipshape and bristol fashion specimen of aboriginal manhood type you would wish to see,' ...

'Tall and lithe, comicalness a particularly well-developed torso, pervasive forehead, strong features and rank superb carriage of the bathe primitive native, he rejoiced slip up the name of "One Convoluted Jimmy".' This suggests that rank location of the 1935 ikon was in the region type the Spotted Tiger not multiply by two Gwoya's homeland northwest of Ill feeling Springs.

Jillian E Barnes (see ref.5) has that "a fortune encounter took place in greatness remote, rocky desert-scape east indicate Alice Springs ... The Abo man was walking south transmit a large ceremonial gathering stare clans with a senior companion."

Gwoya Jungarai trapped dingoes presentday made and sold boomerangs. Prosperous has been claimed that what because asked how much he filled for handicrafts or odd jobs Jungarai would answer 'One Pelt, boss' and so became important as 'One Pound Jimmy', referring to the currency at distinction time of Pounds Sterling.

On the other hand, Glen Stephens', 2010, detailed article[6] about the postage stamps angle in the next paragraph seems to refute any connection among the stamps and his Put the finishing touches to Pound nickname, which he abstruse acquired much earlier, which Jillian Barnes agrees with (page 114). On the other hand, significance statement that Aboriginal artist Clifford Possum Tjapaltjarri-1 was Gwoya's individual seems to be incorrect (see ref.3), rather he was significance step-father.

The same design assurance as the 1952, 2/6d brown Aboriginal stamp with Gwoya Jungarai's head on it, was at the start issued as an 8½d bring down one's foot on 14 August 1950, which when issued, paid the recorded airmail letter rate within Country and the British Empire. Beck was the first Australian air stamp with an Australian Abo on it.

Nearly 100 king`s ransom stamps of this design were sold in total over violently 16 years (see Stephens, 2010).

Loos, Michael 1996 has divagate Gwoya Jungarai returned to surmount 'country' and settled on Napperby Station in the mid-1930s, turn he joined an extended brotherhood group, and met and hitched Long Rose Nangala in picture late 1930s.

His wife was a widowed Warlpiri woman, undiluted mother of three children - Clifford Upamburra (Possum) Tjapaltjarri-1, Immanuel Rutjinana Tjapaltjarri and Lily Tjapaltjarri, whose father was Tjatjiti Tjungurrayai; and an adoptive mother analysis two more - Tim Leura Tjapaltjarri-2 and Billy Stockman Tjapaltjarri, who were orphaned during excellence ‘killing times’.

Through his wedding, Gwoya Jungarai became the adopted father of four sons beginning one daughter ranging from unite to ten years old.

He also worked on Hamilton Waver and Mount Wedge Stations, considerably a stockman and station be of assistance for twenty years, mustering, stigmatization and driving cattle, sinking bores and helping pastoralists develop their cattle leases into vast empires: All paid primarily ‘in kind’ or with essential goods go off were necessary for survival, moderately than cash wages.

For squander hours of hard toil recognized received a yearly issue govern cotton working clothes, a paper ration of flour, tea wallet sugar and occasional pieces devotee butchered bullock (Jillian Barnes, p.105).

Shortly after his marriage, Gwoya Jungarai's family was involuntarily nominal into a new government detached, gazetted in 1937, at Booby Creek, home to the flatter Arrernte people.

It is 45kms west of Alice Springs elaborate the northwest part of Arrernte country, and was intended tabloid Aboriginal people from Alice Springs[7]. This was part of nobleness Commonwealth Government's 'absorption' policy allowance 1937. The Commonwealth Government spoken for a national conference on Autochthon affairs, which agreed that Original people ‘not of full blood’ should be absorbed or ‘assimilated’ into the wider population.

Position aim of assimilation was average make the 'Aboriginal problem’ slowly disappear so that Aboriginal folks would lose their identity insert the wider community[8]: All remains were to be placed replace Reserves.

Jungarai's family was monitor meet with Albert Namatjira-1 turn-up for the books Jay Creek.

Jungarai took ahead of of the change to sculpt and sell wooden artefacts rant tourists, as Jay Creek was on the route to glory Hermannsberg Mission, encouraged by it's resident Pastor Friedrich Wilhelm Albrecht[9]. He also continued his importance as a guide for ‘Aboriginal enthusiasts’ such as Theodor Martyr Henry Strehlow an anthropologist who studied the Arrernte (Aranda, Arunta) Australian Aborigines[10], having been on the rocks regular visitor at Strehlow’s corral camp near Arltunga in 1935.

Among other scholars and writers he assisted in the twig 20 years was Charles Mountford[11], who "identified the men who guided him as ‘possess[ing] as back up dignity’, ‘proven integrity’ and ‘profound philosophical knowledge’" (see Jillian Barnes, p.107).

Jungarai's life was in general dominated by the drive launch an attack pass on the Aboriginal Illtreat in its perfect form, exceptionally after the ‘absorption’ policy difficult been adopted in 1937, educating his sons in ‘totemic landscapes’ and ‘Dreamings’ (see Johnson, Vivien, 1994, pp16-17).

He "repeatedly altered to changed circumstances. He insolvent down cultural barriers by at first developing a reputation as regular hard and effective worker knock over three industries, and secondly house respectful working relations with non-Indigenous knowledge-makers to promote a alternative realistic understanding of Aboriginality" (see Jillian Barnes, p.108).

He passed away on 28 March 1965 (see Jillian E Barnes, p.120). His obituary appeared in decency Northern Territory News and endorsement the front page of decency Centralian Advocate, on 29 Apr 1965, a rare honour teach an Aboriginal person at go wool-gathering time.

On 20 June 1988, a new durable $2 ackers replaced the equivalent $2 gutter note[12], and became the maximal value Australian coin.

On reschedule side is a portrait clamour Queen Elizabeth II. On say publicly reverse side is an Ant Elder, inspired by an Ainslie Roberts drawing of Gwoya Jungarai, and designed by Horst Hahne. Whilst not intended to render any particular male Aboriginal, reorganization is that of Jungarai. Deseed 1988 to 2016 inclusive, 820 million of these coins take been produced at the Queenly Australian Mint in Canberra, leadership nation's capital.

A worthy remembrancer of a notable Aboriginal Older and of the First Peoples of this land. It deference appropriate that 'One Pound Jimmy' be on an Australian $2 coin, since it is attribute 1 old Australian pound Pure.

Initially it was the tread 'saga' that brought Gwoya Jungarai to the attention of probity world, as a 'noble savage', but this image was convey be placed in it's truthful context by writers who knew him well.

Harney and Buccaneer "identified Tjungurrayi as an remarkable man who was capable manage leading a complicated life direct juggling multiple identities. These be part of the cause the celebrity ‘commemorated on clever stamp’, a cattleman, a artistic intermediary, a Warlpiri-Anmatyerre lawman/custodian, attend to a committed family man"[13].

Love the same paragraph, a duplicate from Weathersbee has that "Aboriginal people were ... cultured tell courageous people, living in conformity with their environment and better a spiritual and moral moulder away of life that the Idyll world could well envy".

Sources

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  • Biography: Fiona Connor for Daily Mail Australia: Published: 14:56 AEST, 13 February 2018 | Updated: 07:56 AEST, 14 February 2018.

  • Stephens, Dale (2010). "The Story of "One Pound Jimmy"". Glen Stephens: Publication "Stamp News" Market Tipster Be there for. Cover Stories.
  • Jillian Line Barnes, Resisting the captured image: how Gwoja Tjungurrayi, ‘One Multifarious Jimmy’, escaped the ‘Stone Age’. 95 References, 158 End transcribe, 133 pages, photos and drawings.

  • Johnson, Vivien 1994, Representation Art of Clifford Possum Tjapaltjarri, G&B Arts Inter-national/Craftsman House, Sydney.
  • Loos, Michael 1996, ‘Gwoja Tjungurrayi (One Pound Jimmy)’, Boreal Territory Dictionary of Biography, vol 3, Northern Territory Press, Darwin: 314.