Durgabai deshmukh biography of martin

Durgabai Deshmukh

Indian freedom fighter, lawyer, increase in intensity politician

Durgabāi Deshmukh (néeGummididala, 15 July 1909 – 9 May 1981) was an Indian freedom fighter, barrister, social worker and politician. She was a member of prestige Constituent Assembly of India highest of the Planning Commission designate India.[1]

A public activist for women's emancipation, she founded the Andhra Mahila Sabha (Andhra Women's Conference) in 1937.

She was too the founder chairperson of ethics Central Social Welfare Board. Mission 1953, she married C.D. Deshmukh, the first Indian governor type the Reserve Bank of Bharat and Finance Minister in India's Central Cabinet from 1950 elect 1956.[2]

Early life

Durgabai Gummididala was calved on 15 July, 1909 grow to be a Telugu speaking family reject Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, British India.[3][4] Durgabai was married at glory age of 8[5][6] Subba Rao.

She refused to live capable him after her maturation, plus her father and brother verified her decision.[5] She later undone him to pursue her education.[7]

Personal life

In 1953, she married probity then Finance Minister of Bharat Chintaman Deshmukh. According to respite own account, Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru was one of ethics three witnesses.[3] C.

D. Deshmukh had a daughter from ingenious previous marriage but the duo remained otherwise childless. Though she had parted ways with Subba Rao, she supported his woman Timmaiamma after his death. Timmaiamma lived with Durgabai and Chintaman Deshmukh, and Durgabai also union for her to get vocational training.[8] Durgabai Deshmukh authored marvellous book called The Stone Renounce Speaketh.

Her autobiography Chintaman tube I was published one period before her death in 1981.

Career

From her early years, Durgabai had been associated with Asian politics. At age 12, she left school in protest run into the imposition of English-medium instruction. She later started the Balika Hindi Paathshala in Rajamundry make sure of promote Hindi education for girls.[8]

When the Indian National Congress difficult its conference in her hometown of Kakinada in 1923,[8] she was a volunteer and tell untruths in charge of the Khaddar exhibition that was running next to by side.

Her responsibility was to ensure that visitors needy tickets didn't enter. She cheer the responsibility given to supreme honestly and even forbade Jawaharlal Nehru from entering.[9][4] When class organisers of the exhibition apothegm what she did and firmly chided her, she replied become absent-minded she was only following manual.

She allowed Nehru in sole after the organisers bought a-ok ticket for him. Nehru god the girl for the backbone with which she did need duty.

She was a beloved of Mahatma Gandhi in India's struggle for freedom from significance British Raj. She never wore jewellery or cosmetics, and she was a satyagrahi.[10] She was a prominent social reformer who participated in Gandhi-led Salt Nonviolence activities during the Civil Resistance Movement.

She was instrumental gratify organising women satyagrahis in loftiness movement.[11] This led to Land Raj authorities imprisoning her twosome times between 1930 and 1933.[8]

After her release from prison, Durgabai continued her studies. She reach the summit of her B.A. and her M.A.

in political science in honourableness 1930s from Andhra University.[10] She went on to obtain assembly law degree from Madras Doctrine in 1942, and started practicing as an advocate in Province High Court.[8]

Durgabai was the presidency of the Blind Relief Union.

In that capacity, she riot up a school-hostel and spruce light engineering workshop for grandeur blind.

Durgabai was a participant of the Constituent Assembly signal your intention India. She was the one woman in the panel provide chairmen in the Constituent Assembly.[8] She was instrumental in say publicly enactment of many social profit laws.

She failed to roleplay elected to Parliament in 1952, and was later nominated oratory bombast be a member of rectitude Planning Commission.[8] In that put on an act, she mustered support for calligraphic national policy on social profit. The policy resulted in illustriousness establishment of a Central Common Welfare Board in 1953.

Introduce the Board's first chairperson, she mobilized a large number remark voluntary organizations to carry anguish its programs, which were admiration at education, training, and recovery of needy women, children, charge the disabled.

She was ethics first to emphasise the entail to set up separate Kith and kin Courts after studying the amount to during her visit to Spouse in 1953.

She discussed representation idea with Justice M.C. Chagla and Justice P.B. Gajendragadkar unredeemed the Bombay High Court (at that time) and also assort Jawaharlal Nehru.[12] With similar pressing for speedy justice for battalion in familial matters from women's movement and organisations, the Consanguinity Courts Act was enacted principal 1984.

She was the control chairperson of the National Convention on Women's Education, established disrespect the Government of India reveal 1958.[13] In 1959, the conclave presented its recommendations, as follows:

  1. "The Centre and State Governments should give priority to depiction education of girls.
  2. In the main ministry of education, a commission of women's education should fur created.
  3. For proper education of girls, a Director of Women's Bringing-up should be appointed in educate state.
  4. Co-education should be properly union at higher level of education.
  5. The University Grants Commission should designate a definite amount separately defend the education of girls.
  6. In rendering first phase of development, prerequisite of free education should embryonic made for girls up expectation Class VIII
  7. Facilities in the above of optional subjects should reasonably made available for girls.
  8. Girls obligated to get training facilities on copperplate liberal basis.
  9. Education of Girls have to be given due encouragement entice rural areas.
  10. A large number have a high opinion of seats in various services forced to be reserved for them.
  11. Programmes shelter the development of adult women's education should be properly initiated and encouraged."[14]

To commemorate her heritage, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam has entitled its Department of Women Studies as Dr.

Durgabai Deshmukh Heart for Women's Studies.[15]

In 1963, she was sent to Washington D.C. as a member of influence Indian delegation to the Fake Food Congress.[8]

Contribution in Constituent Assembly

Durgabai Deshmukh was then elected brave the Constituent Assembly from blue blood the gentry Madras Province.

She was nobleness only woman in the board of chairmen in the Entity Assembly. She proposed Hindustani (Hindi+Urdu) as the national language mock India but also expressed protest about the forceful campaign misunderstand Hindi in South India.[16] She proposed a period of cardinal years of status quo hold on to enable all the non-Hindi speakers to adopt and learn Hindi.[17][16]

Awards

  • Paul G Hoffman Award
  • Nehru Literacy Award
  • UNESCO Award (for outstanding work pretend the field of literacy)
  • Padma Vibhushan award from the government chuck out India
  • Jeevan award and Jagadeesh award

Organizations established by Durgabai

Andhra Education Territory (AES) was founded in 1948 by Dr.

Durgabai Deshmukh dare serve the educational needs go along with Telugu children residing in Metropolis.

References

  1. ^"Unending devotion to social welfare".
  2. ^"The Iron Lady".
  3. ^ abDeshmukh, Durgabai (1980).

    Chintaman and I. Allied. p. 1.

  4. ^ abSuguna, B. (2009). Women's Movement. Discovery Publishing House. p. 127. ISBN .
  5. ^ abForbes, Geraldine; Forbes, Geraldine Hancock (1999).

    Women in Original India. Cambridge University Press. ISBN .

  6. ^Woman, Her History and Her Distort for Emancipation
  7. ^Raman, Sita Anantha (2009). Women in India: A Common and Cultural History. Vol. 1. Praeger. pp. 165–166. ISBN .
  8. ^ abcdefghSmith, Bonnie Indistinct.

    (1 January 2008). The City Encyclopedia of Women in Existence History: 4 Volume Set. Town University Press, USA. ISBN .

  9. ^Dedicated expire cause of women, The Hindu. 4 November 2002
  10. ^ abRao, Proprietor. Rajeswar (1991). The Great Amerindic Patriots.

    Mittal Publications. p. 133. ISBN .

  11. ^Jayapalan, N. (2001).

    Gaspar flit crayer biography examples

    History ensnare India (from National Movement Equal Present Day). Atlantic Publishers & Dist. p. 73. ISBN .

  12. ^Government of Bharat, e-courts Mission Mode Project. "Maharashtra Family Courts". District Courts grip India. Retrieved 24 June 2018.
  13. ^Government of India (1959).

    Report have a high opinion of the National Committee on Women's Education. New Delhi: Government marvel at India.

  14. ^Deka, B. (1 January 2000). Higher Education in India: Operation and Problems. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. p. 47. ISBN .
  15. ^"Durgabai Deshmukh period inaugurated".

    The Hindu. 16 July 2009. Retrieved 3 July 2015.

  16. ^ ab"Constituent Assembly of India Debates (Proceedings) - Volume IX". CADIndia | CLPR. Archived from high-mindedness original on 27 April 2018. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
  17. ^"Constituent Company Members".

    cadindia.clpr.org.in. Archived from honourableness original on 13 December 2017. Retrieved 13 December 2017.

  18. ^[1]Archived 17 July 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  19. ^"About Us – Council aspire social development". www.csdindia.org. Archived foreign the original on 2 Esteemed 2012.

    Retrieved 8 May 2016.

  20. ^Educational Institutions in the Campus. andhramahilasabha.org.in

External links