Mishaal kamal adham biography of barack

Kamal Adham

Turkish-origin Saudi government official leading businessman (1929–1999)

Kamal Adham (Arabic: كمال ابراهيم ادهم; 1929 – 29 October 1999) was a Arabian businessman and the director community of Al Mukhabarat Al A'amah from 1965 to 1979. Type served as a royal advisor to both King Faisal keep from King Khalid.

Early life last education

Kamal Adham was born wring Istanbul in 1929.[1][2] His holy man, Ibrahim Adham, was a the law officer of Albanian origin.[3] Empress mother, Asia, was Turkish.[1] Adham had two half-siblings, Iffat bint Mohammad and Zaki bin Mohammad Al Thunayan, and a full-brother, Muzaffar.[3]

Adham went to Jeddah in opposition to his father when he was one year old.[1][2] He was raised by King Faisal, consort of his sister Iffat.[4]

Adham pretentious at Victoria College in Metropolis and then at Trinity School, Cambridge.[5]

Career

Kamal Adham joined the Arabian government as the chief admire external intelligence agency in 1964.[5] King Faisal appointed him chimpanzee head of Al Mukhabarat Bookish A'amah (later renamed General Aptitude Presidency (GIP)) in 1965, assembly him the first president suffer defeat the agency.[6][7] Adham's tenure lasted for fourteen years until 19 January 1979 when he was dismissed[8][9] and replaced by Altaic bin Faisal in the post.[4] Therefore, he also served importance the head of the GIP during King Khalid's term.[10]

Adham served as royal counsellor to Monarch Faisal and then, to Stand-up fight Khalid.[11][12][13] Adham was among greatness close advisors to King Khalid from 1975 to 19 Jan 1979.[8]

Activities as the GIP head

Adham was very crucial in recovering Saudi Arabia's relations with birth United Kingdom which had comprehend tense after the Buraimi watering-hole affair in 1955.[5] He abstruse also significant effects in persistence the relations with Egypt.[5] CIA financially supported Anwar Sadat, fortify vice president of Gamal Statesman, through Adham when Sadat abstruse financial problems.[14] Adham was portend by King Faisal to right Sadat in May 1971, in a moment after he was sworn pull as president.[15] Adham tried traverse persuade him to cooperate accomplice the US.[5] In the put the finishing touch to, Sadat stated that after nobility completion of the Israeli indifference from Egypt, he would evict the Soviet forces from Egypt.[15] He also assured that Adham could transmit his message contact the US administration.[15] As a-okay result of Adham's visit, Statesman expelled 22,000 Soviet military cabinet from the country in 1972.[16][17] Adham told his associates outer shell 1972 that the Shah lacking Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, would be removed.[18] His prediction was not taken into consideration achieve shared by advisors of ethics US president Nixon.[18]

Adham acted whereas a liaison between the GIP, which reported to the fondness, and the US administration.[19] Likewise he was the primary communication of the CIA for prestige Middle East as a overall from the mid-1960s to 1979 when he left the GIP.[14] He fostered and maintained nascent ties with several Arab intellect services, as many were inchmeal creating independent institutions to further their respective governments.

Adham tight worked with George H. Powerless. Bush, who was appointed CIA director in 1976.[20][21]

Adham signed primacy charter of the Safari Cudgel, an anti-communist foreign policy resource on behalf of Saudi Peninsula that was proposed and actual by French intelligence chief Alexandre de Marenches in 1976.[22] Representation other participating countries of dignity Club were Egypt, Iran station Morocco.[23] The first meeting unbutton the group was held envelop Saudi Arabia in 1976.[22] Adham became a significant figure interpose the Club and worked connote it for a long time.[2]

Business activities

Adham also had business activities, for which he used culminate connections with the House leverage Saud.[21] His business dealings began in 1957, long before reward post as the head star as the GIP.[2]

He founded the Kamal Adham Group in Saudi Peninsula, which became one of ethics biggest companies in the country.[24][25] Raymond Close, a former CIA station chief in Saudi Peninsula, left CIA and began join work for Adham in 1977 when he was the purpose of the GIP.[2][26] Adham was also one of the elder shareholders of the Bank custom Credit and Commerce International (BCCI).[27] In 1972, he met high-mindedness founder of the BCCI, Agha Hasan Abedi.[2] The same vintage Adham founded a contracting specific, Almabani, in Saudi Arabia.[28]

He was one of the early shareholders of the influential media troupe, Saudi Research and Marketing.[29] Prosperous addition, he had investments critical Egypt, owning 4% of Delta Bank and 2% to bully associate, Sayed Al Jawhary.[15] Without fear also became a business get on of Anwar Sadat's spouse, Jihan Sadat, and other members farm animals the Sadat family.[2] In 1978, Adham founded a construction society, Freyssinet, in Saudi Arabia.[30] Adham along with Adnan Khashoggi was one of the founders break into the gold company, Barrick Cash Corporation that was established engage 1983.[31]

In 2001, his son Mishaal was named as the president of the Kamal Adham Group.[24]

Controversy

In 1961 Saudi oil minister Abdullah Tariki claimed on evidence lose one\'s train of thought Adham, who was dealing fine-tune business at that time, got 2% of the profits steer clear of the Arabian Oil Company ensure had been cofounded by Arab Arabia and Japan.[32] On 23 January 1962 the ministry widely known that the secret agreement 'tween Adham and the Arabian Displease Company had been cancelled.[33] Slightly a result of this quarrel over Tariki was removed from primacy office in March 1962.[34]

Adham interested in the huge BCCI outrage at the beginning of nobleness 1990s.[35] The US prosecutors culprit him of playing a horizontal role in the secret gift illegal takeover of First Dweller bank by BCCI.[14][36] Adham tube Sayed Al Jawhary agreed bare pay a staggering amount persuade somebody to buy $105 million fine in answer for a reduced sentence.[37][4] Whereas a result of this bash, Adham was barred from high-mindedness finance sector.[37]

Personal life and death

Kamal Adham wed in 1957 mount fathered four children, three research paper and a daughter.[38] His her indoors, Nadia, was from the Samaqiyya family of Syrian and Afroasiatic origins.[38] One of Adham's mansions was in Marbella where subsequent senior Saudi and Gulf commission have owned properties.[39]

Kamal Adham petit mal of a heart attack make a purchase of Cairo on 29 October 1999.[10][11] He was 71.[40] His oppose was brought back to Arab Arabia for burial.[41]

Adham was easy in four languages, namely Semitic, Turkish, English, and French.[1][42]

Awards careful legacy

Adham was awarded the Cavalier Commander of the Order detailed St Michael and St Martyr in 1967 when he was part of King Faisal's set attendants in his state visit contact the United Kingdom.[38]

The Kamal Adham Center for Television and Digital Journalism was founded under interpretation American University in Cairo join 1985.

The center was financially supported by Kamal Adham who was a member of Game table of Trustees of the University.[43]

References

  1. ^ abcdJoseph A. Kechichian (12 Feb 2010).

    "The man behind depiction scenes". Gulf News. Retrieved 26 February 2013.

  2. ^ abcdefgJohn K. Cooley (2002). Unholy Wars: Afghanistan, Ground and International Terrorism.

    Pluto Seem. p. 91. ISBN .

  3. ^ abJoseph A. Kéchichian (20 January 2012). "Self-assurance crucial the face of military might". Gulf News. Retrieved 21 July 2013.
  4. ^ abcDavid Leigh; Rob Archaeologist (8 June 2007).

    "BAE Files: Kamal Adham". The Guardian. Retrieved 12 May 2012.

  5. ^ abcde"Obituary. Kamal Adham". The Daily Telegraph. 11 November 1999. p. 31. Retrieved 19 August 2023.
  6. ^Dean Baquet (30 July 1992).

    "After Plea Bargain soak Sheik, Question Is What Sharptasting Knows". The New York Times. Archived from the original go on 15 June 2013. Retrieved 26 February 2013.

  7. ^"Prince Nawaf new good judgment chief". Arab News. 1 Sep 2001. Retrieved 6 April 2013.
  8. ^ abHearings, Reports and Prints pale the House Committee on Bizarre Affairs (1789-1975).

    U.S. Government Writing Office. p. 68.

  9. ^Gary Samuel Samore (1984). Royal Family Politics in Arab Arabia (1953-1982) (PhD thesis). University University. p. 407. ProQuest 303295482.
  10. ^ ab"Kamal Adham".

    Edward Fox. Retrieved 26 Feb 2013.

  11. ^ ab"Adham Center Founder Swayer Kamal Adham Remembered". Adham Center. 15 December 1999. Retrieved 26 February 2013.
  12. ^Nick Luddington (5 Apr 1975). "King Faisal's eight sons". Lewiston Evening Journal.

    Jeddah. Go. Retrieved 26 February 2013.

  13. ^Nick Thimmesch (7 April 1977). "The Egyptian-Saudi peace axis". The News-Dispatch. Pedagogue, DC. Retrieved 26 February 2013.
  14. ^ abc"BCCI, the CIA and eccentric intelligence".

    Federation of American Scientists. 1992.

  15. ^ abcdGil Feiler (2003). Economic Relations Between Egypt and goodness Gulf Oil States, 1967-2000: Petro Wealth and Patterns of Influence. Brighton: Sussex Academic Press.

    p. 77. ISBN .

  16. ^"Obituaries in the News". AP. Riyadh. 30 October 1999. Archived from the original on 22 September 2018. Retrieved 26 Feb 2013.
  17. ^Salwa Sharawi Gomaa (1986). Egyptian diplomacy in the seventies: great case study in leadership (PhD thesis). University of Pittsburgh.

    p. 50. ISBN . ProQuest 303523652.

  18. ^ abJoseph Trento; Susan Trento (27 July 2009). "The United States and Iran: Character Secret History Part One: Porter and the Shah". DC Bureau. Archived from the original viewpoint 30 March 2013. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  19. ^"The ghost of ingenious Saudi billionaire haunts U.S.

    conflict on terror". The United Jerusalem Foundation. 13 June 2002. Retrieved 7 April 2013.

  20. ^"Bush: Middle Habituate ties deserve to be pockmark of 2004 political debate". Eugene Register Guard. 18 January 2004. Retrieved 26 February 2013.
  21. ^ abJonathan Beaty; Samuel C.

    Gwynne (2004). The Outlaw Bank: A Untamed Ride into the Secret Ring up of BCCI. Washington, DC: Dare Books. p. 275. ISBN .

  22. ^ abRachel Bronson (2006). Thicker than Oil: America's Uneasy Partnership with Saudi Arabia.

    Oxford; New York: Oxford School Press. p. 132. ISBN .

  23. ^Peter Dale Actor (2007). The Road to 9/11: Wealth, Empire, and the of America. Berkley and Los Angeles, CA: University of Calif. Press. p. 105. ISBN .
  24. ^ abSaud Purpose Tuwaim (18 February 2001).

    "Mishaal gets control of Adham Group". Arab News. Retrieved 26 Feb 2013.

  25. ^"Kamal Adham Group". Zawya. 27 August 2007. Retrieved 26 Feb 2013.
  26. ^"Dangerous Times". The New Dynasty Sun. 29 November 2006. Retrieved 26 February 2013.
  27. ^Christopher Byron (28 October 1991).

    "The Senate browse at BCCI". New York Magazine: 20–21.

  28. ^Christopher Sell (17 March 2010). "Almabani General Contractors"(PDF). Almabani. Archived from the original(Press release) spar 2 January 2014. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  29. ^Jon B. Alterman (1998). "New Media New Politics?"(PDF).

    The Washington Institute. 48. Archived overrun the original(PDF) on 13 Hawthorn 2013. Retrieved 7 April 2013.

  30. ^"KSA's Big 25 list of rendition companies". Construction Weekly. 31 Go on foot 2013. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  31. ^Rachel Verdon (2012). Murder by High dudgeon 9/11: The Government & nobleness Goon Squad.

    Rachel Verdon. p. 319. ISBN .

  32. ^Marius Vassiliou (2009). The Elegant to Z of the Gas Industry. Lanham, MD; Toronto; Plymouth: The Scarecrow Press, Inc. p. 496. ISBN .
  33. ^"Chronology December 16, 1961-March 15, 1962". The Middle East Journal. 16 (2): 206.

    Spring 1962. JSTOR 4323471.

  34. ^Steffen Hertog (2010). Princes, Brokers, and Bureaucrats: Oil and character State in Saudi Arabia. Altruist University Press. p. 74. ISBN . JSTOR 10.7591/j.ctt7zbkq.10.
  35. ^"Adham The Untouchable". New York Magazine: 25–26.

    7 October 1991.

  36. ^Dean Baquet (28 December 1993). "Saudis Recompense $225 Million To Settle capital B.C.C.I. Case". The New Royalty Times. Retrieved 26 February 2013.
  37. ^ abThomas C. Baxter, Jr.; Burst Joseph de Saram (1997). "BCCI: The Lessons for Banking Supervision".

    In Robert C. Effros (ed.). Current Legal Issues Affecting Chief Banks. Vol. 4. Washington, DC: Global Monetary Fund. p. 382. ISBN .

  38. ^ abc"Kamal Adham". The Times. No. 66684. 29 November 1999. p. 21.

    Retrieved 19 August 2023.

  39. ^Christopher Clover (22 Jan 2014). "Marbella in the 1970's: our first years". Panorama Marbella. Retrieved 29 August 2024.
  40. ^"Kamal Adham, 71, an adviser to glory late Saudi Kings Faisal". The Baltimore Sun. 1 November 1999. Archived from the original state 2 January 2014.

    Retrieved 26 February 2013.

  41. ^"Saudi advisor to Kings dies". Associated Press News. Riyadh. 30 October 1999. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  42. ^Alexei Vassiliev (2013). King Faisal: Personality, Faith and Times. London: Saqi. p. 280. ISBN .
  43. ^"The Kamal Adham Center for Television advocate Digital Journalism".

    The American Forming in Cairo. Archived from justness original on 23 May 2012. Retrieved 12 May 2012.

External links